Sahayata & Sahayata

Acknowledgement of Paternity (Iqrar) (Q51–55) Acknowledgement of paternity in Muslim Law is: (a) Legitimation (b) Declaration of legitimacy ✅ (c) Subsequent legitimation (d) Declaration of marriage Essential condition for valid Iqrar is: (a) Child must be illegitimate (b) Child’s paternity must be unknown ✅ (c) Child’s mother must be unmarried (d) It is revocable Acknowledgement of Paternity cannot be: (a) Implied (b) Revoked ✅ (c) Oral (d) Used in evidence In Sadiq Hussain Vs. Hashim Ali, Privy Council held: (a) Illegitimate child can be legitimized (b) Acknowledgement is substantive evidence of legitimacy ✅ (c) Acknowledgement can be revoked (d) None of the above Acknowledgement is valid when: (a) Marriage between parents is impossible (b) Paternity is uncertain and not rebutted ✅ (c) Child is known to be illegitimate (d) Child is from illicit intercourse Wills (Wasiyyat) (Q56–60) Be...

Sources of Muslim Law (Q1–10) The primary source of Muslim Law is: (a) Hadith (b) Quran ✅ (c) Ijma (d) Qiyas 'Ijma' means: (a) Judicial decision (b) Consensus of learned scholars ✅ (c) Analogical reasoning (d) Precedent Which act abrogates customs contrary to Muslim Personal Law? (a) Dissolution of Muslim Marriage Act, 1939 (b) Shariat Act, 1937 ✅ (c) Child Marriage Restraint Act (d) Wakf Act, 1954 ‘Qiyas’ is: (a) Consensus of community (b) Analogical deduction ✅ (c) Custom (d) Judicial precedent Sunna refers to: (a) Sayings and practices of the Prophet ✅ (b) Judicial decisions (c) Consensus of scholars (d) Analogy reasoning The Shariat Act applies to: (a) Sunni only (b) Shia only (c) Both Sunni and Shia ✅ (d) None 'Fatawa Alamgiri' is associated with: (a) Modern legislation (b) Judicial precedent (c) Fatwas under Aurangzeb's reign ✅ (d) Ijma decisi...

  Sources of Muslim Law Primary Sources : Quran, Sunna (Hadith), Ijma (Consensus), Qiyas (Analogy). Secondary Sources : Custom, Judicial Precedents, Legislation (e.g., Shariat Act 1937). Shariat Act, 1937 : Overrides custom; applies personal law to matters like marriage, divorce, maintenance, inheritance, gifts, etc. Schools of Law Sunni School : Majority in India; major sub-sects: Hanafi, Maliki, Shafei, Hanbali. Shia School : Sub-sects: Ithna Ashari, Ismaili, Zaidi. Key difference: Shias believe in Imamate (leadership by Prophet’s family), Sunnis in Caliphate (election-based leadership). Marriage (Nikah) Contractual nature : Not a sacrament but a civil contract. Essentials : Proposal, acceptance, witnesses. Capacity : Puberty (15 for boys, 9 for girls); Option of puberty to repudiate marriage. Disabilities : Prohibited degrees of blood, affinity, fosterage; polygamy limit is four wives. Classification : Valid (Sahih), Void (Batil), Irregu...