100 Important MCQs on Mohammedan Law Part-1



Sources of Muslim Law (Q1–10)

  1. The primary source of Muslim Law is:

    • (a) Hadith

    • (b) Quran ✅

    • (c) Ijma

    • (d) Qiyas

  2. 'Ijma' means:

    • (a) Judicial decision

    • (b) Consensus of learned scholars ✅

    • (c) Analogical reasoning

    • (d) Precedent

  3. Which act abrogates customs contrary to Muslim Personal Law?

    • (a) Dissolution of Muslim Marriage Act, 1939

    • (b) Shariat Act, 1937 ✅

    • (c) Child Marriage Restraint Act

    • (d) Wakf Act, 1954

  4. ‘Qiyas’ is:

    • (a) Consensus of community

    • (b) Analogical deduction ✅

    • (c) Custom

    • (d) Judicial precedent

  5. Sunna refers to:

    • (a) Sayings and practices of the Prophet ✅

    • (b) Judicial decisions

    • (c) Consensus of scholars

    • (d) Analogy reasoning

  6. The Shariat Act applies to:

    • (a) Sunni only

    • (b) Shia only

    • (c) Both Sunni and Shia ✅

    • (d) None

  7. 'Fatawa Alamgiri' is associated with:

    • (a) Modern legislation

    • (b) Judicial precedent

    • (c) Fatwas under Aurangzeb's reign ✅

    • (d) Ijma decisions

  8. Custom is a source of law:

    • (a) Primary source

    • (b) Secondary source ✅

    • (c) Not recognized at all

    • (d) Judicial source

  9. Which source of law is not codified except for few enactments?

    • (a) Hindu Law

    • (b) Muslim Law ✅

    • (c) Christian Law

    • (d) Parsi Law

  10. The term “Fiqh” in Muslim Law means:

    • (a) Intelligence ✅

    • (b) Equity

    • (c) Legislation

    • (d) Precedent


Marriage (Q11–25)

  1. Marriage (Nikah) in Muslim Law is:

    • (a) Sacrament

    • (b) Purely a civil contract ✅

    • (c) Custom

    • (d) Divine obligation

  2. The case Abdul Khadir Vs. Salima declared marriage as:

    • (a) Sacrament

    • (b) Civil Contract ✅

    • (c) Divine contract

    • (d) Quasi-contract

  3. A valid Muslim marriage requires:

    • (a) Proposal, acceptance, and witnesses ✅

    • (b) Solemnization in Mosque

    • (c) Government registration

    • (d) Written contract only

  4. Minimum age of puberty for a Muslim girl is:

    • (a) 12 years

    • (b) 15 years

    • (c) 9 years ✅

    • (d) 18 years

  5. Maximum number of wives a Muslim man can marry:

    • (a) 1

    • (b) 2

    • (c) 3

    • (d) 4 ✅

  6. Marriage within prohibited degrees of blood relations is:

    • (a) Valid

    • (b) Void ✅

    • (c) Irregular

    • (d) Permitted with consent

  7. Marriage during Iddat period is:

    • (a) Valid

    • (b) Void

    • (c) Irregular ✅

    • (d) Voidable

  8. Muta marriage is recognized under:

    • (a) Sunni Law

    • (b) Hanafi Law

    • (c) Ithna Ashari Shia Law ✅

    • (d) None

  9. Marriage without witnesses is:

    • (a) Valid

    • (b) Void

    • (c) Irregular ✅

    • (d) None

  10. Option of Puberty can be exercised by:

    • (a) Minor married during minority ✅

    • (b) Only boys

    • (c) Only girls

    • (d) None


Dower (Mehar) (Q26–30)

  1. Dower is:

    • (a) Essential in marriage ✅

    • (b) Optional

    • (c) Only customary

    • (d) Not recognized by law

  2. Dower can be:

    • (a) Prompt

    • (b) Deferred

    • (c) Both ✅

    • (d) None

  3. Widow’s right of retention continues:

    • (a) Till Dower is paid ✅

    • (b) Lifetime

    • (c) Only 3 years

    • (d) No right exists

  4. The case Mina Bibi Vs. Chowdri Ahmad deals with:

    • (a) Talaq

    • (b) Dower retention ✅

    • (c) Khula

    • (d) Pre-emption

  5. Dower is considered as:

    • (a) Gift

    • (b) Debt ✅

    • (c) Contractual benefit

    • (d) Customary right


Divorce (Q31–45)

  1. Talaq-ul-Biddat is:

    • (a) Approved form

    • (b) Disapproved but valid ✅

    • (c) Judicial decree

    • (d) No longer valid in law

  2. Khula is:

    • (a) Divorce by husband

    • (b) Mutual Divorce at wife’s request ✅

    • (c) Judicial Divorce

    • (d) None

  3. Mubaraa is:

    • (a) Mutual divorce by consent ✅

    • (b) Divorce by wife

    • (c) Dissolution by court

    • (d) None

  4. Lian is:

    • (a) Judicial divorce by imprecation ✅

    • (b) Mutual consent divorce

    • (c) Delegated Talaq

    • (d) Vow of abstinence

  5. Which case led to enactment of Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act, 1986?

    • (a) Amjad Khan v. Ashraf Khan

    • (b) Shah Bano Case ✅

    • (c) Habibur Rahman Case

    • (d) None


Maintenance (Q46–50)

  1. Wife is entitled to maintenance:

    • (a) Only if she is poor

    • (b) Irrespective of her own means ✅

    • (c) Only if husband has income

    • (d) None

  2. Maintenance under CrPC S.125 after divorce is barred under:

    • (a) Dissolution of Muslim Marriage Act, 1939

    • (b) Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act, 1986 ✅

    • (c) Shariat Act, 1937

    • (d) Wakf Act

  3. Husband must maintain:

    • (a) Sons till 18

    • (b) Sons till puberty ✅

    • (c) Daughters till 18

    • (d) None

  4. Right to maintenance ceases for wife:

    • (a) On divorce

    • (b) After iddat period ✅

    • (c) Lifetime

    • (d) None

  5. Neglect to maintain for 2 years entitles wife for:

    • (a) Maintenance decree

    • (b) Dissolution of marriage ✅

    • (c) Judicial separation

    • (d) Khula


Guardianship (Q51–55)

  1. Natural guardian in Muslim Law is:

    • (a) Mother

    • (b) Father ✅

    • (c) Uncle

    • (d) Grandfather

  2. De facto guardian has:

    • (a) Full rights

    • (b) No legal authority to alienate property ✅

    • (c) Equal right as natural guardian

    • (d) Preferential right over court guardian

  3. Minor’s custody up to:

    • (a) 7 years (boys) ✅

    • (b) 12 years (boys)

    • (c) 5 years (girls)

    • (d) None

  4. Guardian of property under Muslim Law is:

    • (a) Executor ✅

    • (b) Mother

    • (c) Brother

    • (d) De facto guardian

  5. Testamentary guardian is appointed by:

    • (a) Father ✅

    • (b) Mother

    • (c) Court

    • (d) Mutawalli


Gifts (Hiba) & Wakf (Q56–70)

  1. Essentials of Hiba:

    • (a) Declaration

    • (b) Acceptance

    • (c) Delivery of possession

    • (d) All of the above ✅

  2. Hiba-bil-iwaz involves:

    • (a) Consideration ✅

    • (b) No consideration

    • (c) Stipulation to return

    • (d) None

  3. Hiba-bi-shart-ul-iwaz is:

    • (a) Gift with stipulation of return ✅

    • (b) Pure gift

    • (c) Religious gift

    • (d) None

  4. Mushaa means:

    • (a) Gift of undivided share ✅

    • (b) Death-bed gift

    • (c) Conditional gift

    • (d) None

  5. Wakf is:

    • (a) Transferable gift

    • (b) Irrevocable dedication ✅

    • (c) Testamentary disposition

    • (d) None

  6. Who is Mutawalli?

    • (a) Owner

    • (b) Manager of Wakf ✅

    • (c) Trustee

    • (d) Legal heir

  7. Family Wakf is called:

    • (a) Wakf-ul-aulad ✅

    • (b) Wakf al khair

    • (c) Shufa

    • (d) Hiba-bi-shart

  8. Death-bed gift is limited to:

    • (a) Whole property

    • (b) 1/2 of property

    • (c) 1/3 of property ✅

    • (d) No limit

  9. Case law on Life Estate through Hiba:

    • (a) Govind Dayal case

    • (b) Amjad Khan vs. Ashraf Khan ✅

    • (c) Shah Bano case

    • (d) None

  10. Pre-emption right is called:

    • (a) Shufa ✅

    • (b) Wakf

    • (c) Hiba

    • (d) Qiyas



 Answer Key with Explanations


Q1–10: Sources of Muslim Law

  1. (b) Quran

    • Explanation: Quran is the foremost and fundamental source of Muslim law.

  2. (b) Consensus of learned scholars

    • Explanation: Ijma means consensus among jurists on a legal point.

  3. (b) Shariat Act, 1937

    • Explanation: Shariat Act abrogated customs contrary to Islamic Law.

  4. (b) Analogical deduction

    • Explanation: Qiyas involves reasoning by analogy when Quran and Hadith are silent.

  5. (a) Sayings and practices of the Prophet

    • Explanation: Sunna completes and explains the Quran.

  6. (c) Both Sunni and Shia

    • Explanation: Shariat Act applies uniformly across both sects.

  7. (c) Fatwas under Aurangzeb's reign

    • Explanation: Fatawa Alamgiri was compiled during Aurangzeb's time.

  8. (b) Secondary source

    • Explanation: Custom is a recognized secondary source if not opposed to Shariat.

  9. (b) Muslim Law

    • Explanation: Unlike Hindu law, Muslim law is largely uncodified except few statutes.

  10. (a) Intelligence

    • Explanation: Fiqh means understanding or intelligence, referring to Islamic jurisprudence.


Q11–25: Marriage (Nikah)

  1. (b) Purely a civil contract

    • Explanation: Marriage is treated as a civil contract, not sacrament.

  2. (b) Civil Contract

    • Explanation: Abdul Khadir vs. Salima case clarified Nikah as a contract.

  3. (a) Proposal, acceptance, and witnesses

    • Explanation: Essential formalities under Muslim Law.

  4. (c) 9 years

    • Explanation: Minimum puberty age for girls is 9 under Muslim Law.

  5. (d) 4

    • Explanation: A Muslim man can marry up to 4 wives.

  6. (b) Void

    • Explanation: Marriage with prohibited blood relations is void.

  7. (c) Irregular

    • Explanation: Marriage during iddat is irregular (Fasid).

  8. (c) Ithna Ashari Shia Law

    • Explanation: Muta marriage is valid among Ithna Ashari Shias.

  9. (c) Irregular

    • Explanation: Marriage without witnesses is irregular.

  10. (a) Minor married during minority

    • Explanation: Option of puberty allows repudiation on attaining majority.


Q26–30: Dower (Mehar)

  1. (a) Essential in marriage

    • Explanation: Dower is integral and mandatory in Nikah.

  2. (c) Both

    • Explanation: Can be prompt or deferred.

  3. (a) Till Dower is paid

    • Explanation: Widow’s right to retain husband's property till mehar is paid.

  4. (b) Dower retention

    • Explanation: Mina Bibi vs. Chowdri Ahmad case established right of retention.

  5. (b) Debt

    • Explanation: Dower is treated as unsecured debt recoverable by wife or heirs.


Q31–35: Divorce (Talaq)

  1. (b) Disapproved but valid

    • Explanation: Talaq-ul-Biddat (triple talaq) is sinful but valid in Hanafi law.

  2. (b) Mutual Divorce at wife’s request

    • Explanation: Khula is initiated by wife with husband’s consent.

  3. (a) Mutual divorce by consent

    • Explanation: Mubaraa is dissolution by mutual aversion.

  4. (a) Judicial divorce by imprecation

    • Explanation: Lian involves mutual imprecation leading to judicial dissolution.

  5. (b) Shah Bano Case

    • Explanation: Shah Bano case led to enactment of 1986 Act.


Q36–40: Maintenance

  1. (b) Irrespective of her own means

    • Explanation: A wife is entitled to maintenance regardless of her financial status.

  2. (b) Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act, 1986

    • Explanation: The Act restricted CrPC 125 remedies post-divorce.

  3. (b) Sons till puberty

    • Explanation: Sons are to be maintained till puberty.

  4. (b) After iddat period

    • Explanation: Maintenance ceases after iddat expires.

  5. (b) Dissolution of marriage

    • Explanation: Non-maintenance for 2 years is a ground for judicial divorce.


Q41–50: Guardianship, Gifts & Wakf

  1. (b) Father

    • Explanation: Father is the natural guardian of minor.

  2. (b) No legal authority to alienate property

    • Explanation: De facto guardian has no power to sell.

  3. (a) 7 years (boys)

    • Explanation: Mother’s custody up to age 7 for male child.

  4. (a) Executor

    • Explanation: Executor becomes guardian of property after father's death.

  5. (a) Father

    • Explanation: Testamentary guardian is appointed by father.

  6. (d) All of the above

    • Explanation: Declaration, acceptance, and possession are must for a valid gift.

  7. (a) Consideration

    • Explanation: Hiba-bil-iwaz is gift with consideration (return gift).

  8. (a) Gift with stipulation of return

    • Explanation: Hiba-bi-shart-ul-iwaz involves stipulation at the time of gift.

  9. (a) Gift of undivided share

    • Explanation: Mushaa refers to undivided property.

  10. (b) Irrevocable dedication

    • Explanation: Wakf is a permanent dedication to God.

  11. (b) Manager of Wakf

    • Explanation: Mutawalli administers Wakf property.

  12. (a) Wakf-ul-aulad

    • Explanation: Family Wakf is termed Wakf-ul-aulad.

  13. (c) 1/3 of property

    • Explanation: Marzul Maut gift is limited to 1/3rd of estate.

  14. (b) Amjad Khan vs. Ashraf Khan

    • Explanation: Case on life estate through Hiba.

  15. (a) Shufa

    • Explanation: Pre-emption right is called Shufa.

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