Full-Length Scenario-Based MCQs on Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015

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 Full-Length Scenario-Based MCQs on Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015

Section 1: General Principles & Definitions

Q1. Principle of Best Interest
A 10-year-old girl is found living on the streets. A Child Welfare Committee (CWC) is assessing her situation. Which of the following principles should guide their decision?

A) Principle of Institutionalization as the First Option
B) Principle of Best Interest
C) Principle of Minimum Intervention
D) Principle of Criminal Liability

✅ Correct Answer: B
📌 Explanation: The Principle of Best Interest (Section 3) ensures that all decisions prioritize the child’s well-being and overall development. Institutionalization should be a last resort.

Section 2: Children in Conflict with Law

Q2. Bail for Juveniles
A 15-year-old boy is arrested for shoplifting. His lawyer requests bail, but the police refuse, citing that it will encourage delinquency. What should the Juvenile Justice Board do?

A) Deny bail and send him to jail
B) Grant bail as a matter of right
C) Keep him in police custody until the trial
D) Transfer him to a Children’s Court

✅ Correct Answer: B
📌 Explanation: Under Section 12, bail is a right for juveniles unless there is a risk of harm or association with criminals. Jail or police custody is not allowed.

Section 3: Children in Need of Care & Protection

Q3. Role of CWC in Child Protection
A newborn is found abandoned in a hospital. Who should take immediate responsibility?

A) Police should send the child to a mental health institution
B) The Juvenile Justice Board should decide the next steps
C) The Child Welfare Committee should assess and provide care
D) The hospital should put the child up for adoption immediately

✅ Correct Answer: C
📌 Explanation: Under Section 27, the Child Welfare Committee (CWC) handles cases of abandoned or orphaned children, ensuring proper care and legal processes before adoption.

Section 4: Juvenile Justice Board & Child Welfare Committee

Q4. Composition of JJB
Which of the following is not true about the composition of the Juvenile Justice Board?

A) It includes a Metropolitan Magistrate or Judicial Magistrate
B) It consists of at least two social workers, one of whom must be a woman
C) It has exclusive jurisdiction over all child-related matters, including adoption
D) It is responsible for ensuring legal aid for children in conflict with law

✅ Correct Answer: C
📌 Explanation: The JJB (Section 4) deals only with children in conflict with law. Adoption and child protection matters are handled by the CWC (Section 27).

Section 5: Procedures, Adoption & Rehabilitation

Q5. Legally Free for Adoption
A couple wants to adopt a child found abandoned by the police. Which legal step must be completed before adoption?

A) The police must declare the child legally free for adoption
B) The adoption agency must directly issue an adoption order
C) The Child Welfare Committee must declare the child legally free for adoption
D) The child must be at least 10 years old to be adopted

✅ Correct Answer: C
📌 Explanation: Under Section 38, the CWC must declare a child legally free for adoption after due inquiry. The Central Adoption Resource Authority (CARA) then facilitates the adoption process.

Section 6: Offences & Special Provisions

Q6. Employing Children for Begging
A child is found begging at a railway station. Upon inquiry, it is revealed that an adult gang forces children to beg. Under which provision can the gang be punished?

A) Section 12 – Bail Provisions
B) Section 56 – Foster Care
C) Section 76 – Employment of Children for Begging
D) Section 21 – Death Penalty for Juveniles

✅ Correct Answer: C
📌 Explanation: Under Section 76, employing or coercing a child into begging is punishable with 5 years imprisonment and a ₹1,00,000 fine. The child should be rehabilitated, not punished.

Section 7: Full-Length Case Study MCQ

Q7. Juvenile Tried as an Adult
A 17-year-old boy commits a heinous offence (punishable by 7+ years). The JJB is conducting a preliminary assessment to determine whether he should be tried as an adult. What factors must they consider?

A) The child’s mental and physical capacity to commit the offence
B) The child's ability to understand the consequences of the offence
C) The circumstances in which the offence was committed
D) All of the above

✅ Correct Answer: D
📌 Explanation: Under Section 15, the JJB must assess the child’s mental/physical capacity, understanding of consequences, and the nature of the offence before transferring the case to the Children’s Court.

Final Notes

This test includes scenario-based MCQs covering all aspects of the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015. The explanations ensure deeper understanding for Judicial Services Examination preparation.

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