Top 50 Reasoning-Based MCQs from Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023-Set 2 (Q11–Q20)

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Set 2 (Q11–Q20) of the Top 50 Reasoning-Based MCQs from Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 – crafted to test legal reasoning and application for Judicial Services:

⚖️ Reasoning-Based Questions (Q11–Q20)

11. A, a doctor, refuses to treat a bleeding victim of an accident without upfront payment. The victim dies. What is A’s liability?
(A) No criminal liability as he has the right to refuse service
(B) Guilty of culpable homicide not amounting to murder
(C) Guilty of professional misconduct only
(D) Guilty of omission causing death

🧠 Reasoning: Omission may amount to offence if there's a legal or professional duty.

12. A falsely claims to be a government officer and collects money from villagers to “register” their land. He has no official authority. What offence is committed?
(A) Cheating
(B) Criminal impersonation and cheating
(C) Mischief
(D) Extortion

13. A breaks open a sealed property marked by the court as "attached". He says he didn’t know it was under legal attachment.
Can he claim benefit under mistake of fact?
(A) Yes, always
(B) No, ignorance of law is no excuse
(C) Yes, if he genuinely had no knowledge
(D) No, if the seal was visibly marked

14. A accidentally hits a cyclist while opening his car door. Cyclist fractures his arm. What offence under BNS?
(A) Hurt
(B) Rash and negligent act causing hurt
(C) No offence
(D) Grievous hurt with intent

15. A assaults B. C, a bystander, joins in the attack without knowing the reason. What is C’s liability?
(A) No liability
(B) Same as A’s, due to common intention
(C) Only minor offence as he didn’t start it
(D) Liable if proved he had knowledge of intent

16. A sets a dog on B intending to scare, but the dog bites B. Under BNS:
(A) No offence, as no direct physical action by A
(B) Assault only
(C) Use of animal as weapon amounts to hurt
(D) Criminal intimidation

17. A falsely informs police that B is hiding drugs, due to enmity. Police raid B’s house and find nothing. What offence has A committed?
(A) Giving false information to a public servant
(B) Defamation
(C) No offence as it didn’t lead to arrest
(D) Mischief

18. A prints and sells a book containing obscene material under the garb of literature. What is the correct view?
(A) Protected under freedom of expression
(B) Liable under obscenity provisions
(C) Liable only if it outrages religious sentiments
(D) Not liable if readers are adults

🧠 Reasoning: Obscenity (Sec 316) is judged by community standards and intent.

19. A pushes B during an argument. B stumbles and hits his head on a rock, dying on the spot.
What is A’s liability?
(A) Murder
(B) Culpable homicide not amounting to murder
(C) Grievous hurt
(D) No offence

20. A records B’s private conversation without permission and circulates it online to defame him. Under BNS:
(A) No offence unless B complains
(B) Criminal defamation and breach of privacy
(C) Cybercrime only
(D) Only civil wrong


Answers & Explanations (Q11–Q20)

11. ✅ (D) Guilty of omission causing death
🧠 Explanation: Under BNS, a professional (doctor) has a legal duty in emergency care. Omission leading to death when duty exists = punishable (see Sec. 106 read with general principles).

12. ✅ (B) Criminal impersonation and cheating
🧠 Explanation: Pretending to be a government officer + collecting money fraudulently = Sec. 316 (cheating) + Sec. 79 (personating public servant).

13. ✅ (D) No, if the seal was visibly marked
🧠 Explanation: Mistake of fact must be reasonable. If property was sealed/clearly marked by court, ignorance is no excuse (Sec. 18 explanation).

14. ✅ (B) Rash and negligent act causing hurt
🧠 Explanation: Not intentional, but careless = Sec. 281. Causing hurt through negligence attracts liability.

15. ✅ (D) Liable if proved he had knowledge of intent
🧠 Explanation: For common intention (Sec. 3), mere physical act not enough. Mental element must be established.

16. ✅ (C) Use of animal as weapon amounts to hurt
🧠 Explanation: Directing an animal to attack with intent = causing hurt using means (Sec. 113).

17. ✅ (A) Giving false information to a public servant
🧠 Explanation: Knowingly giving false info to police = offence under Sec. 223 (false charge or information).

18. ✅ (B) Liable under obscenity provisions
🧠 Explanation: Freedom of expression does not protect obscenity (Sec. 316). Literary defence fails if intent is corrupting.

19. ✅ (B) Culpable homicide not amounting to murder
🧠 Explanation: A did not intend to kill, but pushed B knowing it could cause serious harm. This is Sec. 104 – culpable homicide without intent to kill.

20. ✅ (B) Criminal defamation and breach of privacy
🧠 Explanation: Secretly recording + circulating = violation of privacy + defamation (Sec. 354 + Sec. 356).

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