Comparison table of the most common offences under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (BNS) and their equivalent provisions under the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (IPC) to help understand the continuity or changes made

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Comparison table of the most common offences under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (BNS) and their equivalent provisions under the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (IPC) to help understand the continuity or changes made:

OffenceIPC SectionBNS SectionRemarks / Changes
Murder302103No major change
Culpable Homicide299, 304100, 105Retained with reclassification
Attempt to Murder307109Retained
Hurt / Grievous Hurt323 / 325115 / 117Similar structure
Rape375, 37663–71Expanded with clearer categories (e.g. deceit, authority, gang rape)
Theft378303Retained
Robbery / Dacoity392 / 395309 / 310Retained
Cheating415318Retained
Criminal Breach of Trust405316Retained
Criminal Misappropriation403314Retained
Kidnapping359, 360137Retained
Wrongful Restraint / Confinement339 / 340126 / 127Retained
Criminal Trespass441329Retained
House-breaking445330Retained
Defamation499356Retained
Criminal Intimidation503351Retained
Dowry Death304B80Retained
Cruelty to Woman498A85Retained and simplified
Abetment of Suicide306108Retained
Forgery463–471335–340Retained
Public Nuisance268270Retained
Obscene Acts294296Retained
Sedition124A— (Omitted)Repealed under BNS
Unlawful Assembly / Rioting141 / 147189 / 191Retained
Offences Against Public Servants186221Retained with expansions

Noteworthy Changes:

  • Sedition (IPC 124A) is omitted in BNS.

  • New Offences Introduced:

    • Community service as a punishment (Sec. 4(f))

    • Snatching (Sec. 304)

    • Petty organized crime (Sec. 112)

    • Terrorist act (Sec. 113)

  • Sections are renumbered and reorganized under thematic chapters.

  • Gender-neutral language and digital offences are acknowledged more explicitly.

Usage:

This comparison is helpful for:

  • Judiciary & Civil Services aspirants

  • Law students shifting from IPC to BNS

  • Practicing lawyers updating references

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