30 most important MCQs based on illustrations from the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023

30 most important MCQs based on illustrations from the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023, prepared specifically for Judicial Services Examination. Each question is rooted in an actual illustration provided in the Act, testing your application and interpretation skills — a frequent pattern in judicial exams.

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⚖️ Most Important Illustration-Based MCQs – BSA, 2023

🧩 Section 4 – Same Transaction

1. A is accused of murdering B by beating him. Statements made by bystanders during the beating are:
   A. Inadmissible hearsay
   B. Relevant as dying declaration
   C. Relevant as part of same transaction
   D. Not relevant
   ✅ Answer: C

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🔗 Section 6 – Motive, Preparation, Conduct

2. A is tried for the murder of C. A had previously murdered B and C knew about it and tried to blackmail A. This is:
   A. Not relevant
   B. Relevant as motive
   C. Inadmissible as character evidence
   D. Relevant only if A confesses
   ✅ Answer: B

3. A absconds after receiving a letter warning that police inquiry is underway. This conduct is:
   A. Irrelevant unless A confesses
   B. Relevant subsequent conduct
   C. Only circumstantial
   D. Not admissible
   ✅ Answer: B

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🧠 Section 8 – Conspiracy

4. A joins a conspiracy to wage war. Acts of other conspirators before and after he joined are:
   A. Irrelevant
   B. Relevant only if A was present
   C. Relevant even if A didn’t know of them
   D. Relevant only after A joined
   ✅ Answer: C

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🧭 Section 9 – Facts not otherwise relevant

5. A is charged for committing crime in Chennai. He was at Ladakh that day. This is:
   A. Not admissible
   B. Relevant to show motive
   C. Relevant as alibi
   D. Relevant under Section 9
   ✅ Answer: D

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💰 Section 11 – Right or Custom

6. A claims fishery rights. A deed by A’s ancestor conferring fishery is:
   A. Hearsay
   B. Not relevant
   C. Relevant under Section 11
   D. Secondary evidence
   ✅ Answer: C

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💭 Section 12 – State of Mind

7. A is accused of possessing stolen goods. He had many other stolen items. This proves:
   A. Character
   B. Common intention
   C. Guilty knowledge
   D. Rebuttable presumption
   ✅ Answer: C

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🔥 Section 13 – Intentional vs Accidental Acts

8. A has set fire to all houses he ever lived in, each insured. Now, another fire occurs. This proves:
   A. Character
   B. Habit
   C. Not accident
   D. Preparation
   ✅ Answer: C

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🔁 Section 14 – Course of Business

9. A letter put in regular post tray per company practice. The letter’s dispatch is:
   A. Not proved
   B. Proved under Section 14
   C. Proved under Section 65
   D. Not relevant
   ✅ Answer: B

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🗣️ Section 18 – Admissions by Referred Person

10. A says to B, “Ask C, he knows if horse is sound.” C says it is unsound. This is:
    A. Hearsay
    B. Not relevant
    C. Relevant admission
    D. Confession
    ✅ Answer: C

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🧾 Section 26 – Dying Declarations

11. A makes statement about rape before dying. Statement admissible if:
    A. Made under oath
    B. Made to police
    C. Circumstances of death are in question
    D. Made in presence of Magistrate
    ✅ Answer: C

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📔 Section 28 – Books of Account

12. A sues B on basis of account books. Books are:
    A. Inadmissible
    B. Conclusive evidence
    C. Corroborative only
    D. Not sufficient alone
    ✅ Answer: D

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🧑‍⚖️ Section 35 – Judgment in rem

13. A judgment conferring legal status in probate is:
    A. Irrelevant
    B. Binding inter partes
    C. Conclusive proof
    D. Rebuttable
    ✅ Answer: C

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📍 Section 41 – Handwriting Opinion

14. Clerk C has seen B’s handwriting on letters. His opinion is:
    A. Inadmissible
    B. Only admissible if he saw B writing
    C. Relevant under Section 41
    D. Not admissible without expert
    ✅ Answer: C

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🧘 Section 44 – Relationship

15. A and B live as spouses and treated as husband-wife. This is:
    A. Not admissible
    B. Hearsay
    C. Relevant as opinion by conduct
    D. Character evidence
    ✅ Answer: C

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🧑‍⚖️ Section 47 – Character in Criminal Cases

16. Accused’s good character is:
    A. Irrelevant
    B. Relevant under Section 47
    C. Admissible only in civil
    D. Admissible only after conviction
    ✅ Answer: B

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👩‍⚖️ Section 104 – Burden of Proof

17. A asserts that B is his wife. Burden of proof lies on:
    A. B
    B. A
    C. State
    D. Either party
    ✅ Answer: B

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🔁 Section 116 – Birth During Marriage

18. Child born during valid marriage is presumed legitimate:
    A. Irrefutably
    B. Rebuttably
    C. Conclusively
    D. Not at all
    ✅ Answer: C

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🧑‍⚖️ Section 124 – Who May Testify

19. A child understanding obligation to speak truth can testify:
    A. Only if over 7
    B. Only with guardian consent
    C. Yes, per Section 124
    D. No
    ✅ Answer: C

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🎙️ Section 146 – Leading Questions

20. Leading questions are allowed during:
    A. Chief-examination
    B. Re-examination
    C. Cross-examination
    D. None
    ✅ Answer: C