BIRD'S-EYE BLUEPRINT NOTE ON CONSTITUTION OF INDIA

BIRD'S-EYE BLUEPRINT NOTE ON CONSTITUTION OF INDIA

- April 19, 2025

Note for Judicial Services and PCS/IAS exam aspirants. This quick-reference roadmap is structured to highlight important parts, key provisions, and probable exam hotspots:

🧭 BIRD'S-EYE BLUEPRINT: CONSTITUTION OF INDIA

🔹 Preamble

Keywords: Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic, Republic
Ideals: Justice, Liberty, Equality, Fraternity

📘 Part I: Union and Its Territory (Art. 1–4)

Article 1: India as a Union of States
Article 3: Formation and alteration of states (President's recommendation needed)

📘 Part II: Citizenship (Art. 5–11)

Based on domicile, migration, descent
Parliament’s power to regulate (Art. 11)

📘 Part III: Fundamental Rights (Art. 12–35) ⭐

Highly Important for Judiciary & UPSC

Art. 14–18: Right to Equality
Art. 19–22: Right to Freedom
Art. 23–24: Right Against Exploitation
Art. 25–28: Right to Freedom of Religion
Art. 29–30: Cultural & Educational Rights
Art. 32: Right to Constitutional Remedies (Heart and soul – Dr. Ambedkar)

📘 Part IV: Directive Principles of State Policy (Art. 36–51) 🌱

Non-justiciable but fundamental in governance
Key Articles: Art. 39 (equal pay), Art. 44 (Uniform Civil Code), Art. 48A (Environment)

📘 Part IVA: Fundamental Duties (Art. 51A) 📜

Added by 42nd Amendment
11 duties (incl. respecting Constitution, promoting harmony, environmental protection)

📘 Part V: Union Executive (Art. 52–78)

President (Art. 52–62): Election, impeachment, powers
Vice President (Art. 63–71)
Council of Ministers headed by PM (Art. 74)
Attorney General (Art. 76)

📘 Part VI: State Government (Art. 152–237)

Governor (Art. 153–161)
State Council of Ministers and Chief Minister (Art. 163–167)
State Legislature (Art. 168–212)
High Courts (Art. 214–231)

📘 Part IX & IXA: Panchayats and Municipalities (Art. 243–243ZG) 🏡

73rd & 74th Amendments
Structure, elections, reservations, powers

📘 Part X: Scheduled and Tribal Areas (Art. 244–244A)

📘 Part XI & XII: Relations Between Union and States & Finance (Art. 245–293)

Art. 246: Legislative relations (Union, State, Concurrent Lists)
Art. 265–289: Taxation principles

📘 Part XIII: Trade, Commerce and Intercourse (Art. 301–307)

📘 Part XIV: Services Under the Union & States (Art. 308–323)

Public Service Commissions (Art. 315–323)

📘 Part XV: Elections (Art. 324–329)

Election Commission (Art. 324)

📘 Part XVI–XXII: Special Provisions and Miscellaneous

Art. 370: Special status of J&K (now abrogated)
Art. 368: Constitutional amendment process

⚖️ Key Schedules (Total 12)

1st: Names of States & UTs
3rd: Forms of oaths and affirmations
5th & 6th: Scheduled and tribal areas
7th: Union, State, Concurrent Lists
8th: 22 Official Languages
9th: Laws immune to judicial review (now subject to basic structure)
10th: Anti-defection law

⚖️ Landmark Amendments

42nd: "Mini Constitution" – added Fundamental Duties, changed Preamble
44th: Restored FRs, removed right to property
73rd/74th: Panchayati Raj and Municipalities
86th: Right to Education (Art. 21A)

🎯 Most Exam-Relevant Articles

Area	Key Articles
Fundamental Rights	14, 19, 21, 32
Directive Principles	38, 39, 44
Amendments	368
Judiciary	124–147 (SC), 214–231 (HC)
Emergency Provisions	352–360
Federal Features	245–263 (Legislative/Administrative Relations)

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