Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) on General Exceptions

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Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) on General Exceptions under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023, along with explanations:

MCQs on General Exceptions (BNS, 2023)

1. Under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, a person who commits an offense under the influence of intoxication is exempted from criminal liability if:

a) The person was voluntarily intoxicated
b) The person was involuntarily intoxicated and unaware of the nature of the act
c) The person was intoxicated and committed the offense under provocation
d) The person was intoxicated and did not cause serious harm

Answer: (b) The person was involuntarily intoxicated and unaware of the nature of the act.

Explanation:
According to Section 86 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, a person is exempt from criminal liability if they were intoxicated without their knowledge or consent and were unaware of the nature of their actions. However, voluntary intoxication does not exempt liability.

2. In which of the following situations would a child be exempt from criminal liability under BNS, 2023?

a) A child below 12 years commits an offense with full knowledge of its consequences
b) A child above 12 but below 18 commits an offense without sufficient maturity
c) A child below 7 years commits a crime under the influence of another person
d) A child above 7 but below 12 commits an offense with full intent

Answer: (c) A child below 7 years commits a crime under the influence of another person.

Explanation:
Under Section 83 of BNS, 2023, a child below 7 years is considered to have no criminal liability. A child between 7 and 12 may be exempted if they lack sufficient maturity to understand their act.

3. Which of the following defenses under BNS, 2023, is applicable when a person commits an act in self-defense?

a) The act was in retaliation
b) The act was proportionate to the threat faced
c) The act was committed with a premeditated plan
d) The act caused excessive harm intentionally

Answer: (b) The act was proportionate to the threat faced.

Explanation:
Section 96 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, recognizes the right to private defense. The defense is valid only if the force used is necessary and proportionate to the threat faced.

4. A person is exempt from criminal liability under mistake of fact if:

a) They acted under a mistake of law
b) They acted in good faith and without criminal intent
c) They misunderstood the punishment for an offense
d) They intentionally misinterpreted a legal provision

Answer: (b) They acted in good faith and without criminal intent.

Explanation:
Under Section 79 of BNS, 2023, a person who acts under a mistake of fact in good faith, believing their action to be lawful, is not criminally liable. However, ignorance of law is not a defense.

5. Which of the following is NOT a valid defense under General Exceptions in BNS, 2023?

a) Insanity at the time of the act
b) Consent given for causing death
c) Act done under legal compulsion
d) Act done by a person under 7 years of age

Answer: (b) Consent given for causing death.

Explanation:
Under Section 87 of BNS, 2023, a person cannot lawfully consent to the infliction of death or grievous hurt upon themselves. Consent is a defense only for lawful acts that do not result in serious harm or death.

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